Dr. Rafid holds a Bachelor in Computer Sciences from University of Babylon, Iraq in 1999 and Higher Diploma in Data Security from Iraqi Commission for Computers and Informatics in 2001. His Master’s degree and Ph.D in Information Technology are both from Northern University of Malaysia, Malaysia in 2015. Rafid's research and development experience includes over 13 years in the Academia and Industry. He works in a multi-disciplinary environment involving algorithm analysis, swarm intelligence algorithms, business intelligence, internetworking, and web graphics and optimization. 

Sagban, R., Ku-Mahamud, K. R., & Bakar, M. S. A. (2014). Reactive memory model for ant colony optimization and its application to TSP. In Proceedings of ICCSCE2014: The 4th International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (pp. 310 – 315). Malaysia, Penang: IEEE. doi:10.1109/ICCSCE.2014.7072736. (Scopus Indexed)

Sagban, R., Ku-Mahamud, K. R., & Bakar, M. S. A. (2015). Reactive Max - Min Ant System: An Experimental Analysis of the Combination with K - Opt Local Searches. In Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Computing and Informatics, ICOCI 2015 (pp. 300–305). Istanbul, Turkey. (ISI/Scopus Indexed)

Sagban, R., Ku-Mahamud, K. R., & Bakar, M. S. A. (2017). Reactive max-min ant system with recursive local search and its application to TSP and QAP. Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, 23(1), 127-134. (ISI/Scopus Indexed)

Sagban, R., Ku-Mahamud, K. R., & Bakar, M. S. A. (2015). ACOustic : A Nature-Inspired exploration indicator for ant colony optimization. The Scientific World Journal, 2015, 1–11. doi:10.1155/2015/392345. (Scopus Indexed)

Sagban, R., Ku-Mahamud, K. R., & Bakar, M. S. A. (2015). Nature-Inspired Parameter Controllers for ACO-based Reactive Search. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 107-117 (Scopus Indexed)

Sagban, R., Ku-Mahamud, K. R., & Bakar, M. S. A. (2015). Intensification and Diversification in Ant Colony Optimization: An Overview and a Unified Approach for Automation. Accepted in International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems.(ISI/Scopus Indexed)

• WEB 2.0 Tools to Support Teaching and Learning Activities Workshop, co-chair and facilitator, Saturday, 23th August 2014 at SMK Megat Dewa, Kodiang, Kedah.
  
• Robot Demonstration by Dr. Azizi Azizi, Organizer, Tuesday, 30 September 2014 at InterNetworks Research Lab, School of Computing, UUM.
  
• EXPO2014 of SOC, co-organizer, Wednesday,  2014 at School of Computing, UUM.
• Who Run The Net: Understanding Internet Governance by Prof. Dr. Suhaidi Hassan SMIEE, organizer, Thursday, 22th May 2014 at Auditorium Seminar Hall, School of Computing, UUM.
• IEEE Educational Program: Celebrating IEEE Day with Orphans, organizer, Sunday, 28th September 2014 at UUM Sintok campus.
• IEEE Region 10 Leadership Forum, Participant, Monday, 14th April 2014 at Berjaya Times Square, Kuala Lumpur.
• Comsoc/VTS Annual General Meeting, participant, Saturday, 25th January 2014 at Palm Garden Hotel, IOI Resort.
• 24th Annual General Meeting of IEEE MALAYSIA SECTION, participant, Saturday, 25th January 2014 at Palm Garden Hotel, IOI Resort.
• MAJLIS ANUGERAH KERANA JASA UUM CAS 2014 (AKJ), co-organizer, Friday,  12th December at EDC UUM.
• IEEE Malaysia Congress 2014, participant, Sunday,  9th November at UKM.